Friday, 14 March 2014

FDA guideline Agenda for calendar year 2014


 

 
FDA guideline Agenda for calendar year 2014
 

 
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has released its 2014 guidance agenda for its Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), listing dozens of guidance documents which  plans to release during the 2014 calendar year.

 CATEGORY —Advertising

• Brief Summary and Adequate Information for Use: Disclosing Risk Information in Consumer-Directed Print Advertisements and Promotional Labelling for Prescription Drugs

• Considerations for Regulatory Submissions of Promotional Labelling and Advertising Materials including Submissions in Electronic Format

• Direct-to-Consumer Television Advertisements – FDAAA DTC Television Pre-review Program

• Internet/Social Media Platforms with Character Space Limitations: Presenting Risk and Benefit Information for Prescription Drugs and Medical Devices

• Internet/Social Media Platforms: Correcting Independent-Third Party Misinformation About Prescription Drugs and Medical Devices

• Internet/Social Media Advertising and Promotional Labeling of Prescription Drugs and Medical Devices – Use of Links

CATEGORY — Animal Rule

• Product Development Under the Animal Rule

CATEGORY — Biopharmaceutics

• Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Studies Submitted in NDA’s or INDs for Orally Administered Drug Products – General Considerations

• Dissolution Testing and Specifications Criteria for Immediate-Release Solid Oral Dosage Forms Containing Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class 1 and 3 Drugs

CATEGORY — Biosimilarity

• Biosimilars: Additional Questions and Answers Regarding Implementation of the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act of 2009

• Clinical Pharmacology Data to Support a Demonstration of Biosimilarity to a Reference Product

• Considerations in Demonstrating Interchangeability to a Reference Product

• Labeling for Biosimilar Biological Products

• Reference Product Exclusivity for Biological Products Filed Under Section 351(a) of the PHS Act

CATEGORY —Chemistry

• Allowable Excess Volume and Labeled Vial Fill Size

• Analytical Procedures and Methods Validation for Drugs and Biologics

• Appropriate Package Type Terms for Injection Drugs or Biological Products in Packaged in Multiple-Dose, Single-Dose, and Single-Patient-Use Containers

• Specified Biotechnology and Specified Synthetic Biological Products – Annual Report

• Comparability Protocols for Approved Drugs: Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Controls Information

• Evaluation of Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) Methods

• Immunogenicity- Related Considerations for the Approval of Low Molecular Weight Heparin for NDAs and ANDAs

• Liposome Drug Products: CMC, Human Pharmacokinetic and Bioavailability; and Labeling Documentation

CATEGORY —Clinical/Antimicrobial

• Attachment to Guidance on Antiviral Product Development – Conducting and Submitting Virology Studies to the Agency: Guidance for Submitting HIV Resistance Data

• Hospital-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia and Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia: Developing Drugs for Treatment

• Uncomplicated Gonorrhea: Developing Drugs for Treatment

CATEGORY —Clinical/Medical

• Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Enephalomyelitis: Developing Drugs for Treatment

• Common Issues in Drug Development for Rare Diseases

• Developing Drug and Biological Products for Analgesic Indications

• Modifications and Revisions of Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS)

• Pregnant Women in Clinical Trials – Scientific and Ethical Considerations

• Standards for Clinical Trial Imaging Endpoints

• Upper Facial Lines: Developing Botulinum Toxin Products

CATEGORY —Clinical Pharmacology

• Clinical Lactation Trials – Trial Design, Data Analysis and Recommendations for Labeling

• General Clinical Pharmacology Considerations for Pediatrics Studies for Drugs and Biological Products

• Pharmacokinetics During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period – Trial Design, Data Analysis, and Impact on Dosing and Labeling.

CATEGORY —Clinical/Statistical

• Multiple Endpoints in Clinical Trials

CATEGORY —Quality: Facility, Production and Process Control

• Contract Manufacturing Arrangements for Drugs: Quality Agreements

• GXP Consideration for Outsourced IT (Cloud Computing) Systems in Medical Product Manufacturing and Clinical Study Environments

• Interim Good Manufacturing Practice for Human Drug Compounding Outsourcing Facilities Under Section 503B of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act

• Quality Systems Approach to Pharmaceutical Current Good Manufacturing Practice

• Submission of Field Alert Reports and Biological Product Deviation Reports

CATEGORY —Drug Safety

• Best Practices in Developing Proprietary Names

• Content, Format and Submission of Adverse Event Reports by Human Drug Compounding Outsourcing Facilities Under Section 503B of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act

• Over-the-Counter Pediatric Liquid Drug Products Containing Acetaminophen

CATEGORY —Electronic Submissions

• Providing Regulatory Submissions in Electronic Format – Submissions Under Section 745A of the Federal, Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act

• Providing Regulatory Submissions in Electronic Format – Manufacturing Establishment Information

• Providing Regulatory Submissions in Electronic Format – Postmarketing Safety Reports

• Providing Regulatory Submissions in Electronic Format – Standardized Study Data

• Study Data Technical Conformance Guide and Data Standards Catalog

CATEGORY —IND

• Adverse Events: Collection and Reporting for Secondary Endpoints

CATEGORY —Labeling

• Indications and Usage Section of Labeling for Human Prescription Drugs and Biological Products – Content and Format

• Labeling for Human Prescription Drug and Biological Products Approved Under Accelerated Approval

• Pediatric Information: Incorporating into Human Prescription Drug and Biological Products Labeling

• Pregnancy, Lactation, and Females and Males of Reproductive Potential: Labeling for Human Prescription Drug and Biological Products – Content and Format Requirements

• Product Title and Initial U.S. Approval in the Highlights of Prescribing Information for Human Prescription Drug and Biological Products – Content and Format

CATEGORY —Procedural

• Applying the Criteria for Requiring a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS)

• Critical Path Innovation Meeting

• Division of Good Clinical Practice Compliance (DGCPC) Requested Contents for New Drug and Biologic Applications to Facilitate BIMO Inspection Planning and Conduct

• Drug Supply Chain Security Act (DSCSA) Implementation: Identification of Suspect Product and Termination of Notifications of Illegitimate Product for Finished Human Prescription Drugs

• DSCSA Implementation: Standards for the Interoperable Exchange of Information for Tracing of Finished Pharmaceuticals Drugs

• Integrated Summary of Safety

• Investigational New Drug Applications Prepared and Submitted by Clinical Sponsor Investigators

• National Drug Code (NDC) Assignment of CDER-Regulated Products

• Public Disclosure of FDA-Sponsored Studies

• Reporting Drug Sample Distribution Under Section 6004 of the Affordable Care Act

• Reporting Licensure by Wholesale Drug Distributor and Third-Party Logistic Providers

• Submission of Study Protocols for Drug Products with Certain Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies for Review by the Office of Generic Drugs

• Survey Methodologies to Assess Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) Goal Related to Knowledge

• Use of a Master File for Shared System Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies
• User Fees for Human Drug Compounding Outsourcing Facilities Under Section 503B of the Federal, Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act
 

Tuesday, 4 March 2014

EU - Good manufacturing practice (GMP) Guidelines Titles


 
EU - Good manufacturing practice (GMP) Guidelines Titles
 

 

Part I - Basic Requirements for Medicinal Products

·       Chapter 1  - Pharmaceutical Quality System

·       Chapter 2  - Personnel

·       Chapter 3  - Premises & Equipment

·       Chapter 4  - Documentation

·       Chapter 5  - Production

·       Chapter 6  - Quality Control

·       Chapter 7  - Out sourced activities

·       Chapter 7  - Contract Manufacture & Analysis

·       Chapter 8  - Compliance & Product Recall

·       Chapter 9  - Self Inspection

Part II - Basic Requirements for Medicinal Products

·       Basic Requirements for Active substances used as starting materials

Part III – GMP Related documents

·       Explanatory notes on the preparation of a site master file

·       Q9 Quality Risk Management

·       Q10 Note for guidance on Pharmaceutical Quality System

·       MRA Batch Certificate

·       Template for the written confirmation for active substances exported to European union for medicinal product for human use

Annexures

·       Annexure-1 Manufacture of sterile medicinal products

·       Annexure-2 Manufacture of biological active substances and medicinal products for human use

·       Annexure-3 Manufacture of Radiopharmaceuticals

·       Annexure-4 Manufacture of Veterinary medicinal products other than immunological veterinary medicinal products

·       Annexure-5 Manufacture of Immunological Veterinary medicinal products

·       Annexure-6 Manufacture of Medicinal Gases

·       Annexure-7 Manufacture of Herbal Medicinal Products

·       Annexure-8 Sampling of starting & Packaging Materials

·       Annexure-9 Manufacture of liquids, creams and ointments

·       Annexure-10 Manufacture of pressurised metered dose aerosol preparations for inhalation

·       Annexure-11 Computerised Systems

·       Annexure-12 Use of Ionizing radiation in the manufacture of medicinal products

·       Annexure-13 Manufacture of investigational medicinal products

·       Annexure-14 Manufacture of medicinal products derived from human blood or plasma

·        Annexure-15 Qualification & Validation

·       Annexure-16 Certification by a qualified person and batch release

·       Annexure-17 Parametric  release

·       Annexure-19  Reference & retention Samples

 

Saturday, 1 March 2014

Difference between relative humidity and humidity


 

 
Difference between relative humidity and humidity
 

 "Humidity" and "Relative Humidity" are not the same thing. Humidity means amount of water vapour present in air with respect to total amount of air. Relative Humidity is the amount of moisture in the air 'relative' to the temperature (i.e relative humidity is the amount of moisture in the air compared to what the air can "hold" at that temperature. When the air can't "hold" all the moisture, then it condenses as dew).

The relative humidity is a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air (at a specific temperature) compared to the maximum amount of water vapor air could hold at that temperature, and is given as a percentage value. Relative humidity depends on the temperature of the air.

 

Friday, 28 February 2014

D-U-N-S & F E I


 
D-U-N-S  &  F E I
 
 

 
Data Universal Numbering System (DUNS)
DUNS number is a unique nine digit identification number, provided by Dun & Bradstreet for each physical business location. DUNS users include the European Commission, the United Nations and the United States government. More than 50 global, industry, and trade associations recognize, recommend, or require DUNS. The DUNS database contains over 100 million entries for businesses throughout the world.

FDA will require Data Universal Numbering System (D-U-N-S) numbers for both the facility or site and the registrant owner of the facility or site if the facility or site is in a different location than the registrant owner location. Each distinct physical location of an entity (e.g., branch, division, and headquarter) would be assigned a different D-U-N-S number.
 

The site-specific D-U-N-S number is a widely recognized business identification tool and serves as a useful resource for FDA in identifying and verifying certain business information submitted by a user. If no D-U-N-S number has been assigned, a business entity may obtain one at no cost directly from Dun & Bradstreet. A new number may be obtained, or an existing number verified, by phone or online. Existing facilities D-U-N-S numbers may also be verified on FDA’s current registration site for drug establishments.

Note: It takes Dun & Bradstreet approximately 30 business days to process a new D-U-N-S number and communicate it via email. A business entity may receive a  D-U-N-S number in approximately 10 business days for an expedited service fee.

Facility Establishment Identifier (FEI)

Facility Establishment Identifier (FEI), a unique identifier designated by FDA to assign, monitor, and track inspections of regulated firms. FDA will assign only one FEI number to separate buildings if they are in close proximity and if the activities conducted in each building are closely related to the same business enterprise, are under the supervision of the same local management, and are capable of being inspected by FDA during a single inspection.

A business entity that has previously obtained an FEI number may verify its FEI number on FDA’s registration site for drug establishments.

Friday, 21 February 2014

What is the recommended time for settle plate exposure in clean rooms for environmental monitoring?



 
What is the recommended time for settle plate exposure in clean rooms for environmental monitoring?
 

 
EU GMP annex 1 states that settle plates are required to be exposed for a minimum of 4 hours.

Recommended limits for microbiological monitoring of clean areas during operation:

Recommended limits for microbial contamination (a)
Grade
air sample cfu/m3
settle plates (diameter 90 mm)  cfu/4 hours (b)
Contact plates (diameter 55 mm) cfu/plate
glove print 5 fingers cfu/glove
A
˂ 1
˂ 1
˂ 1
˂ 1
B
10
5
5
5
C
100
50
25
-
D
200
100
50
-

 Notes

(a) These are average values.

(b) Individual settle plates may be exposed for less than 4 hours.

 Reference:
EU Guidelines to Good Manufacturing Practice Medicinal Products for Human and Veterinary Use – Annexure - I

Monday, 17 February 2014

EDQM - Sister File Procedure



 
 
 
Sister File Procedure
 
 

 

The sister file procedure is intended to facilitate the submission of similar dossiers within the Certification procedure, and to allow applicants benefit from a fast-track procedure and harmonised assessments. An applicant who has been granted a certificate of suitability (CEP) may wish to apply for a second CEP for the same substance, either because the specifications of the final substance obtained with an alternative process cannot be covered by the  existing CEP or because the applicant wishes to have separate CEPs for different conditions of preparation or qualities (for example, to cover an alternative manufacturing site or an alternative grade).

This new application can be submitted as a “sister file”,

Note: Sterile and TSE applications are outside the scope of this procedure.

 Conditions:

  • The original application should already have been approved by EDQM and the CEP granted
  • The manufacturer should be the same for both applications
  • Differences described in the new dossier compared to the already granted CEP can be classified and hence treated as a revision.
Documentation:

  • New application according to the current procedures
  • Reference to the already approved dossier and explanation of differences
  • A comparative table of the affected dossier sections for both the approved and the new application
  • A subtitle for the CEP of the sister application, in order to differentiate both CEPs.

Wednesday, 12 February 2014

KF VS LOD






In pharmaceuticals, several methods are employed to determine the water content of a substance/product. Among which Karl Fischer Titration (KF) and Loss on Drying (LOD) are most honored and largely reliable methods.

Loss-on-Drying (Weight Loss)

This method uses the principle of drying a sample of the product and comparing the weight before and after drying. The difference in weight represents the moisture that is in the product. This can be accomplished by using various manner such as drying ovens, infrared balances, and infrared lamps. Whatsoever, the drying conditions are strictly specified. The difference in weight after drying is due to the loss of all evaporated matter, which is taken to represent the moisture content. Repeatability and accuracy of this method solely depend up on the temperature and time controls adopted during testing.
The difficulty is that this technique measures all the moisture lost from the sample, which includes not just water but also any other volatile component already present in the sample (like residual volatile solvents) or created by polymerization or degradation of the sample.

Karl Fischer (KF) Titration

Karl Fischer titration is a very specific determination method which detects and measures only water, including water of crystallization and surface-absorbed water. It is based upon a redox reaction involving water and iodine in the presence of a base, an alcohol, and sulfur dioxide. The water-iodine reaction is dependent upon the presence of water, and therefore the titer of reagent used up in the reaction reflects the amount of water in the sample as there is no other source of water.
The KF reagent contains iodine and when it has completely reacted with the total water, excess iodine appears in the solution, causing a color change as well as an electrometric change which can be detected by a double platinum electrode. KF titration measures total water and is not affected by the presence of residual volatile solvents. It has a wide and sensitive range of determination from a water content of 100% to 1 ppm.

KF
LOD
KF is a method, which measures only the water content (i.e. it's water-specific) in a product sample.

LOD on the other hand, measures the total change in weight of a material as a result of drying. For some products, components such as alcohol or fat evaporate with the water. Therefore, the LOD method measures both the water and volatile impurities such as those mentioned previously
Karl Fischer titration is a chemical method. It involves adding a reagent to the sample to cause a reaction that converts the water in a product to a non-conductive chemical.

Loss on Drying compares the weight of a product before and after it is dried. This difference in weight is taken as the percentage of moisture in the product.


Key Words
Loss On Drying
Water determination LOD Vs KF
Karl Fischer Vs Loss –On Drying –Which Method is Best?